This is the simplest form of green sand molding, particularly suitable for solid patterns. The entire mold is made in foundry floor or in bed of sand above floor level for inconvenience in working and pouring. No molding box is necessary and the upper surface of the mold is open to air. The sand in the foundry floor is made loose and perfectly leveled to obtain uniform thickness of the casting. As there is no head of metal the sand may be rammed lightly, just hard enough to support the weight of metal only. After proper leveling, the pattern is pressed in the sand bed for making mold. The pouring basin is built up at one end of the mold, and the overflow channel is cut at the sides of the cavity at the exact height from the bottom face of the mold to give the desired thickness
Various types of melting furnaces are used in different foundry shops, depending upon the quantity of metal to be melted at a time, and the nature of work that is carried out in the shop. The primary objective in cupola is to produce iron of desired composition, temperature and properties at the required rate in the most economical manner. Besides, this furnace has many distinct advantages over the other types, e.g., simplicity of operation, continuity of production, and increased output coupled with a high degree of efficiency. Description Of a Cupola : The Cupola Furnace consists of a vertical, cylindrical steel sheet, 6 to 12 mm thick, and lined inside with acid refractory bricks or acid tamping clay. The refractory bricks or the tamping clay used consist of silicon oxide acid (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). The lining is generally thicker in the lower where the temperatures encountered are higher than in the upper region. The shell is mounted either on a brick work fo...
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