In the Aston or Byers process , to produce wrought iron, the pig iron is first melted in a cupola furnace and refining of molten metal is done in a Bessemer converter. At the same time, a quantity of iron silicate slag in prepared in an open hearth furnace. The refined Iron so made in the Bessemer converter is poured at predetermined rate into a ladle containing the molten slag already prepared.
After the excess slag is poured from the ladle, the remaining mas of iron and slag is taken to a press where some slag is removed. The rectangular block is formed in the press is known as bloom. The hot bloom as before is immediately passed through rolling mills to produce products of wrought Iron of different shapes and sizes.
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